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h

sudden and rapid blood loss that occurs when a blood vessel is damaged.

occurs when the heart becomes weak and struggles to pump blood around the body efficiently.

flap of tissue in the heart that ensures blood flows in one direction only.

HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is a virus that damages the cells in the immune system and weakens the ability to fight everyday infections and disease. HIV is transmitted through sexual intercourse, sharing needles and from mother to baby during pregnancy.

a synthetic (artificial) version of the hormone cortisol, usually taken in tablet form, to replace cortisol in the body.

an increased number of cells, leading to an increase in the size of a tissue or organ. For example in congenital adrenal hyperplasia, there is an enlargement of the adrenal glands as they work harder to try to produce the steroid hormone cortisol.

high blood pressure.

low blood pressure.

The hypothalamus is a part of the brain that has a vital role in controlling many bodily functions including the release of hormones from the pituitary gland.

More information on: Hypothalamus Glands


an operation to remove a woman's womb and ovaries, resulting in the menopause. A partial hysterectomy can be performed where the ovaries are preserved, which does not result in the menopause.

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